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Diabetic Nephrology: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Kidney Disease in People with Diabetes

Sonali Gupta*

Diabetic nephrology is a complication of diabetes that affects the kidneys, leading to chronic kidney disease and ultimately, kidney failure. Diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide, and it is estimated that up to 40% of people with diabetes will develop diabetic nephropathy. The pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy involves multiple mechanisms, including hyperglycemia, hypertension, and inflammation. The clinical presentation of diabetic nephropathy includes proteinuria, hypertension, and declining kidney function. The management of diabetic nephropathy involves controlling blood glucose and blood pressure levels, as well as the use of medications to slow the progression of kidney disease. Early detection and intervention are key to preventing the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, making regular monitoring of kidney function and glycemic control essential for patients with diabetes.