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Dual effects of leptin in myocardial ischemia

Ekaterina A. Polyakova, Yuri S. Khalimov, Mikhail M. Galagudza

Leptin, a peptide secreted by adipocytes, with an important role in body weight regulation through its effects on food intake and energy balance. Leptin is mostly synthesised in white adipose tissue. High levels of leptin potentiates the effects of many atherogenic factors, such as platelet aggregation, immune cells migration, inflammation, proliferation, hypertrophy of vascular smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cell dysfunction in obese patients. Despite, leptin is an obesity-associated adipokine that has been implicated in cardiac protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. This review analyzes the positive and negative effects of leptin on myocardial ischemia, the main mechanism of coronary artery disease.