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Epidemiological aspects of the management of heart failure patients seen in cardiological consultation at the Niamey National Hospital

Idrissa Hama, Toure Ali Ibrahim, Bako Harouna, Habibou Harouna, Tinni Abdou Roukaya

Introduction: Heart failure is defined as a structural or functional abnormality of the heart resulting in an inability to supply the tissues with oxygen at a rate in line with their needs.
Objective: Contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological aspects of the management of patients with heart failure.
Methodology: This is a prospective and cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 6 months.
Results: Thus our sample consisted of 300 cases. The female sex predominated with 66.5%, the average age was 56.9 ± 13.7 with extremes ranging from 19 years to 98 years. Housewives were the most represented at 43.7%. High blood pressure and sedentary lifestyle were the main FDRs found in patients in 95% followed by obesity in 22.3%. In 61.3% of cases patients know they have heart disease but do not know the type. Unusual shortness of breath on exertion was the main sign that made patients consult with 67.7%. Only 2% weighed themselves regularly. All of our patients (99%) knew the sodium restriction recommendation and more than half (58.3%) had suitable for low sodium diet. Only 23.2% of our patients drank less than 1.5 L per day. 29.7% of our patients did not practice any physical activity. Regarding the treatment, diuretics were the most used as specific treatment 64.3% and for non-specific treatment platelet aggregation
inhibitors in 12.3% of cases.
Conclusion: Our study has highlighted educational gaps in the heart failure population. Further studies could help to initiate a therapeutic education approach for patients to finally improve their quality of life and morbidity and mortality.