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Pediatric Interventional Neurology: Advancements in Minimally Invasive Treatments for Young Patients

David Plackett

Pediatric interventional neurology employs minimally invasive techniques such as angiography, catheterization, and endovascular procedures to access and treat neurological abnormalities. These methods significantly reduce the risks associated with traditional open surgeries, offering quicker recovery times and shorter hospital stays for young patients. A substantial portion of pediatric interventional neurology focuses on vascular anomalies like arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), aneurysms, and venous malformations. Using advanced imaging technologies and specialized catheters, interventional neurologists can occlude or repair blood vessels to prevent complications like bleeding or stroke. Interventional neurology plays a pivotal role in treating epilepsy that is resistant to medication. Techniques such as stereotactic laser ablation and responsive neurostimulation offer targeted approaches to identify and ablate seizure foci, improving the quality of life for children with epilepsy. In cases of pediatric brain tumors, interventional neurology contributes by delivering therapies directly to the tumor site. This can include embolization to decrease blood flow to the tumor prior to surgical removal or delivering chemotherapy agents through catheters directly into the tumor tissue. Children born with congenital neurological anomalies such as arteriovenous fistulas or spinal malformations can benefit from interventional neurology interventions. These procedures often lead to enhanced outcomes and functional improvements in affected children. Pediatric interventional neurology requires close collaboration among pediatric neurologists, interventional neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, anaesthesiologists, and other medical specialists. A multidisciplinary team approach ensures the best possible care for pediatric patients with complex neurological conditions.